Wood Duck house: dimensions and placement
Needs a ladder of mesh or kerf cuts inside so ducklings can climb out, and 4 inches of wood shavings.
What are the wood duck house dimensions?
| Inside floor | 10 x 10 in |
|---|---|
| Floor to roof | 10 to 24 in |
| Entrance | 3 x 4 in oval |
| Hole above floor | 12 to 16 in |
| Mounting height | 6 to 20 ft |
| Habitat | Over or near ponds, swamps and slow rivers. |
| Range | Eastern US and Pacific coast |
Source: Cornell Lab NestWatch nest box table and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service "Homes for Birds". Build one from these numbers with the birdhouse calculator, which adds a board cut list.
Where should a wood duck house go?
Over or near ponds, swamps and slow rivers. Mount on a smooth metal pole where possible, fit a predator guard, and face the entrance away from prevailing wind. Leave the box up through winter as a roost, and clean it out after each brood.
Watch the nest without disturbing it
Nest box cameras let you follow eggs and chicks without opening the box.
Nest box dimensions for other species
Eastern Bluebird · Western Bluebird · Mountain Bluebird · Tree Swallow · Violet-green Swallow · Purple Martin · House Wren · Carolina Wren · Bewick's Wren · Black-capped Chickadee · Carolina Chickadee · Tufted Titmouse · White-breasted Nuthatch · Red-breasted Nuthatch · Downy Woodpecker · Hairy Woodpecker · Red-bellied Woodpecker · Red-headed Woodpecker · Northern Flicker · Prothonotary Warbler · Great Crested Flycatcher · Ash-throated Flycatcher · Eastern Screech-Owl · American Kestrel · Barn Owl · American Robin · Barn Swallow · Eastern Phoebe
Birds that do not use boxes: Cardinals · Blue Jays · Mourning Doves · Goldfinches · Hummingbirds · Orioles · House Finches
Get the nest box season checklist
When to put boxes up, when to clean them out, and the hole sizes for every common species, on one page.
Used only to send the checklist.Frequently asked questions
What size hole does a wood duck need?
The published figure is 3 x 4 in oval, drilled 12 to 16 inches above the floor. Holes this large admit starlings, so monitor the box and remove starling nests, which are not protected. Keep the edge smooth and never add a perch.
How high should a wood duck house be mounted?
Mount it 6 to 20 feet above the ground. Over or near ponds, swamps and slow rivers. A smooth metal pole with a predator guard or baffle is safer than a tree trunk or wooden fence post, which cats, raccoons and snakes can climb. Face the entrance away from prevailing wind and afternoon sun where you can.
Where do wood ducks live?
Eastern US and Pacific coast. Over or near ponds, swamps and slow rivers. A box put up outside the species' range or in the wrong habitat will simply be taken by whatever local cavity nester does fit, which is often a wren, chickadee or house sparrow.
When should I put up a wood duck house?
Late winter, before birds start choosing sites in early spring, is ideal. Boxes put up later still attract second nesting attempts and late arrivals. Clean old nesting material out after each brood fledges and again before the next season; many small birds also use empty boxes as winter night roosts.
What should go inside a wood duck box?
Add 2 to 3 inches of untreated wood shavings. These species bring no nest material of their own, so eggs would roll on a bare floor. Never use cedar shavings treated with oils, sawdust that packs wet, or hay that moulds.